Ukusukela oko kwaqala ubhubhani we-COVID-19 ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2 eyadlulayo, ii-N95 zokuphefumla zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwisixhobo sokuzikhusela (PPE) sabasebenzi bezempilo kwihlabathi liphela.
Uphononongo lwango-1998 lubonise ukuba iZiko leSizwe loKhuseleko kunye neMpilo (i-NIOSH) evunyiweyo imaski ye-N95 yakwazi ukuhluza iipesenti ezingama-95 zamasuntswana emoyeni, nangona ingazange iyibone intsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwakutsha nje lubonise ukuba ukulungelelana imaski imisela ukukwazi kwayo ukuhluza amasuntswana asemoyeni.
Ngoku, iqela lophando elivela kwiYunivesithi yaseMonash eOstreliya lithi iimaski ezivavanyiweyo ze-N95 zidityaniswe nenkqubo yokuhluza ephathwayo ye-HEPA zibonelela ngokhuseleko olungcono kumasuntswana entsholongwane emoyeni.
Ngokombhali okhokelayo uGqr Simon Joosten, iYunivesithi yaseMonash yeMonash yezeMpilo yezeMpilo uMlingane woPhando oluPhezulu kunye neMonash Health Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Physician, isifundo sasineenjongo ezimbini eziphambili.
Eyokuqala “kukubala ubungakanani bokuba abantu bosulelwe zii-aerosols zentsholongwane ngelixa benxibe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemaski kunye nezikhuselo zobuso, iigawuni kunye neegloves”.
Kuphononongo, iqela lilinganise ukhuseleko olubonelelwa ziimaski zotyando, iimaski ze-N95, kunye neemaski ezivavanyiweyo ze-N95.
Iimaski zotyando ezilahlwayo zikhusela umntu ozinxibileyo kumathontsi amakhulu.Ikwanceda nokukhusela isigulana ekuphefumleni kwalowo usinxibileyo.
Iimaski ze-N95 zilungele ubuso ngcono kuneemaski zotyando.Inceda ukunqanda umntu ozinxibileyo ukuba angaphefumli ngamasuntswana e-aerosol aphuma emoyeni, anjengeentsholongwane.
Ngenxa yokuba imilo yobuso bomntu wonke yahlukile, ayizizo zonke iisayizi kunye neempawu zeemaski ze-N95 ezifanelekileyo kumntu wonke.I-US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ibonelela ngenkqubo yovavanyo efanelekileyo apho abaqeshi banceda abasebenzi babo ukuba babone ukuba zeziphi iimaski ze-N95 ezibonelela ngokhuseleko oluninzi.
Imaski evavanyiweyo ye-N95 kufuneka ilingane ngokugqibeleleyo, ekugqibeleni ibonelele "itywina" phakathi komphetho wemaski kunye nobuso bomntu oyinxibileyo.
UGqr. Joosten uxelele i-MNT ukuba ngaphezu kokuvavanya iimaski ezahlukeneyo, iqela lifuna ukufumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweefilitha eziphathekayo ze-HEPA kunokuphucula izibonelelo zezixhobo zokukhusela zokukhusela umntu onxibileyo ekungcoleni kwe-aerosol yentsholongwane.
Izihluzi eziPhezulu zoMoya weParticulate (HEPA) zisusa i-99.97% yazo naziphi na iincinci ze-airborne 0.3 microns ngobukhulu.
Kuphononongo, uGqr. Joosten kunye neqela lakhe babeka umsebenzi wezempilo, naye owathatha inxaxheba ekusekweni kovavanyo, kwigumbi lekliniki elitywiniweyo lemizuzu engama-40.
Ngelixa egumbini, abathathi-nxaxheba banxibe iPPE, kubandakanya iiglavu, igawuni, isikhuselo sobuso, kunye nolunye lweentlobo ezintathu zeemaski-utyando, i-N95, okanye i-N95 evavanyiweyo. Kuvavanyo lolawulo, abazange banxibe. PPE, kwaye abazange banxibe imaski.
Abaphandi babonisa abasebenzi bezempilo kwinguqu ye-nebulised ye-phage PhiX174, intsholongwane yemodeli engenabungozi esetyenziswe kwiimvavanyo ngenxa ye-genome yayo encinci.
Emva kovavanyo ngalunye, abaphandi bathatha i-swabs yesikhumba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kumzimba womsebenzi wezempilo, kubandakanywa ulusu phantsi kwe-mask, ngaphakathi kwempumlo, kunye nesikhumba kwi-forearm, intamo kunye nebunzi.Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngamaxesha angama-5 ngaphezu kwe-5 iintsuku.
Emva kokuhlalutya iziphumo, uGqr. Joosten kunye neqela lakhe bafumanisa ukuba xa abasebenzi bezempilo benxiba iimaski zotyando kunye neemaski ze-N95, babenentsholongwane eninzi ngaphakathi kobuso kunye neempumlo zabo. zazinxitywe.
Ukongeza, iqela lafumanisa ukuba indibaniselwano yeHEPA ukuhluzwaIimaski ezivavanyiweyo ze-N95, iiglavu, igawuni kunye nezikhuselo zobuso zinciphise ukubalwa kwentsholongwane ukuya kumanqanaba akufutshane-zero.
UDkt Joosten ukholelwa ukuba iziphumo zolu phononongo zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kokudibanisa i-N95 i-respirators efanelekileyo kunye ne-HEPA filtration kubasebenzi bezempilo.
"Kubonisa ukuba xa kudibaniswa ne-HEPA filters (13 air filter exchanges ngeyure), ukudlula uvavanyo lwe-N95 olufanelekileyo kunokukhusela izixa ezikhulu ze-aerosols yentsholongwane," wachaza.
"[Kwaye] ibonisa ukuba indlela eyongezelelweyo yokukhusela abasebenzi bezempilo ibalulekile kwaye ukuhluzwa kwe-HEPA kunokonyusa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi bezempilo kwezi seto."
I-MNT iphinde yathetha noDkt. Fady Youssef, i-pulmonologist eqinisekisiweyo, ugqirha kunye nengcali yokunyamekela okubalulekileyo kwi-MemorialCare Long Beach Medical Centre e-Long Beach, eCalifornia, malunga nokufunda.Uthe uphando luqinisekisile ukubaluleka kokuvavanywa kokufaneleka.
“Iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli zeemaski ze-N95 zifuna olwazo uvavanyo-ayisiyiyo yonke into,” ucacise watsho uGqr. Youssef.” Imaski ilungile njengoko ingena ebusweni.Ukuba unxibe isigqubuthelo sobuso esingakufanelanga, senza kancinci ukukukhusela.”
Ngokumalunga nokongezwa kweUhluzo oluphathekayo lweHEPA, UDkt Youssef uthe xa izicwangciso ezimbini zokunciphisa zisebenza kunye, kunengqiqo ukuba kuya kuba ne-synergy enkulu kunye nefuthe elikhulu.
"[Yongeza] ubungqina obuninzi [...] ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunciphisa ukukhathalela izigulana ezinezifo ezihamba emoyeni ukunciphisa kunye nethemba lokuphelisa ukuvezwa kwabasebenzi bezempilo ababakhathalelayo," wongeze watsho.
Izazinzulu zisebenzise i-laser visualization ukuvavanya ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwekhaka lobuso olwenziwe ekhaya elona lilungileyo ekuthinteleni usulelo lokuphefumla ngomoya…
Ezona mpawu ziphambili ze-COVID-19 ngumkhuhlane, ukhohlokhohlo olomileyo kunye nokuphefumla nzima. Funda ngakumbi ngezinye iimpawu kunye neziphumo ezilindelekileyo apha.
Iintsholongwane ziphantse kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye zinokosulela nayiphi na into ephilayo.Apha, funda ngakumbi malunga neentsholongwane, indlela ezisebenza ngayo, kunye nendlela yokukhuselwa.
Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-coronavirus entsha ziyosulela kakhulu, kodwa maninzi amanyathelo amaziko kunye nabantu abanokuwathatha ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwezi ntsholongwane.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-21-2022