Ekuqaleni kobusika,izifo zokuphefumula zabantwanabangene kwixesha lezehlo eziphezulu.Ziziphi izifo zangoku zokuphefumla?Ndingayinqanda njani?Yintoni endifanele ndinikele ingqalelo kuyo emva kokosuleleka?
Ukungena ebusika, umntla ulawulwa ngumkhuhlane, ukongeza kwi-rhinovirus, i-mycoplasma pneumoniae, i-respiratory syncytial virus, i-adenovirus kunye nezinye izifo.Emazantsi, sithathela ingqalelo isebe lezonyango lwabantwana kwisibhedlele sethu njengomzekelo, usulelo lwe-mycoplasma luselolona luphambili kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo.”UGqr Chen, ingcali, wathi ukusuka kwidatha yokwamkela, iinyanga ze-10 zokuqala, izigulane eziphuma ngaphandle zabantwana zanda malunga ne-60% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka odlulileyo, kwaye izigulane zomkhuhlane zibalelwa malunga ne-40% -50%;Inani lamasebe kaxakeka liye landa ngaphezu kwamaxesha amabini, kwaye izigulane ze-fever akhawunti malunga ne-70% -80%.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba ukunyuka okuqhubekayo kwezifo zokuphefumula ezibukhali kubantwana kuhambelana ne-superposition yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane yokuphefumula.Ezona zixhaphakileyo zizifo ezibukhali zendlela yokuphefumla ephezulu, ibronchitis, inyumoniya, izifo ezikwalanayo nokunye.Phakathi kwabo, usulelo oluphezulu lwendlela yokuphefumula luxhaphake kakhulu,kuquka ukubanda, laryngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitiskwaye nangokunjalo.Inyumoniya ngoyena nobangela wokulaliswa esibhedlele okanye utofelo-gazi ebantwaneni.
“Usulelo lwabantwana lokuphefumla lubangelwa kakhulu lusulelo lwentsholongwane okanye lwebhaktheriya, ukuba iimpawu azinzima, impendulo yengqondo ilungile, ayifuni unyango olukhethekileyo, inokubuyisela ngokwemvelo.” Kufuneka uphumle ngokufanelekileyo kuphela, utye ukutya okulula, usele amanzi amaninzi, ugcine umoya ophefumlayo ngaphakathi, kwaye uphucule amandla abo omzimba.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ukusuleleka okunamandla okuphefumla, njengenyumoniya enzima, i-wheezing enzima, i-hypoxia, ukungahambi kakuhle emva kokusuleleka, umkhuhlane ophezulu oqhubekayo, ukuxhatshazwa, njl.Ukuphefumula okufutshane, i-dyspnea, i-cyanosis, ukulahleka okucacileyo kokutya, umlomo owomileyo, ukukhathala;Ukothuka, ukomelela, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye isiqaqa kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.”Ingcali uGqr Chen yalumkisa ukuba izibhedlele ezinkulu zigcwele abantu kwaye zinexesha elide lokulinda, kwaye umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwintsholongwane uphezulu.Ukuba kukho abantwana ekhaya abaneempawu ezincinci, kucetyiswa ukuba uye kumaziko okhathalelo lwempilo olusisiseko.
Ngenxa yokwenzeka kutshanje kwenyumoniya ebizwa ngokuba yimycoplasma , iingcali zasesibhedlele zathi esi sisifo esibangelwa yimicroorganism ekhethekileyo, kungekhona iintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane.Ayinxulumananga ngokuthe ngqo ne-coronavirus entsha kwaye ayiyontsholongwane eguqulweyo.Nangona zombini izifo zihanjiswa ngendlela yokuphefumula, i-pathogens, unyango kunye neendlela zokukhusela izifo ezimbini zihlukile.
Iingcali zikhumbuza abazali ukuba emva kokuba abantwana babo bosulelwe yi-mycoplasma pneumonia, kufuneka baye esibhedlele kwangethuba baze babaphathe ngokweengcebiso zogqirha.Iindlela zonyango zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezichasene ne-mycoplasma kunyango, izongezo zesondlo, ukomeleza ukhuseleko lomzimba, kwaye ubeke ingqalelo ekuphumleni, ugcine indlela yokuphila efanelekileyo.
Yazi ngakumbi:
1, abantwana emva kosulelo lokuphefumla zeziphi iimpawu?Ndingayinqanda njani?
Usulelo lokuphefumla ebantwaneni lubangelwa kakhulu lusulelo lwentsholongwane okanye lwebhaktiriya, kwaye iimpawu ziquka:
Umkhuhlane: kudla ngokuba luphawu lokuqala emva kosulelo, kwaye ubushushu bomzimba bunokufikelela kuma-39℃ nangaphezulu;
(2) Ukhohlokhohlo: ukhohlokhohlo lwabantwana emva kosulelo ludla ngokuba lolunye lweempawu ezixhaphakileyo, ukhohlokhohlo olomileyo okanye isikhohlela;
③ Ukuthimla;
Umqala obuhlungu: Emva kosulelo, abantwana baya kuziva bebuhlungu kwaye badumbe umqala;
⑤ Impumlo evuzayo: kunokubakho iimpawu zokuxinana kweempumlo kunye neempumlo;
⑥ Intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa ngokubanzi kunye nezinye iimpawu ezingezizo ezodwa.
Iindlela zokuthintela usulelo lokuphefumla ebantwaneni:
(1) Ukuzingisa ekunxibeni iimaski, ukungena komoya, ukugcina imikhwa yokuhlamba izandla rhoqo, nokutofa amaqela aphambili;
(2)Xa kukho iimpawu zokuphefumla, yenza umsebenzi omhle wokukhusela, ugcine umgama ophakathi kwentlalontle, ukuphepha usulelo olunqamlezayo;
(3) Ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo ukutya kunye nokuzivocavoca, gcina ukujikeleza komoya wangaphakathi okanye ukusebenzisa izicoci zomoya ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusasazwa kwee-pathogens;
(4) Izibhedlele ezikhulu zinabasebenzi abaxineneyo kwaye zinexesha elide lokulinda, kwaye umngcipheko wokosuleleka ngokuhlangana uphezulu.Ukuba kukho abantwana ekhaya abaneempawu ezincinci, kucetyiswa ukuba uye kumaziko okhathalelo lwempilo olusisiseko.
I-2, Zeziphi izifo zokuphefumula zabantwana zizifo ezizimeleyo, ezifuna unyango lwangexesha elifanelekileyo?
Kubantwana izifo zokuphefumla, uninzi lusulelo lwentsholongwane, ukuba iimpawu azinzima, impendulo yengqondo ilungile, ayifuni unyango olukhethekileyo, inokubuyisela ngokwemvelo.Kufuneka kuphela ukuphumla ngokufanelekileyo, ukutya ukutya okulula, ukusela amanzi amaninzi, ukugcina umoya wangaphakathi, kunye nokuphucula amandla abo omzimba.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi zifo zilandelayo zokuphefumla zifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo:
① Usulelo oluqatha lwendlela yokuphefumla, olufana nenyumoniya, ukuphefumla kakhulu, i-hypoxia, ukungonwabi ngokubanzi emva kosulelo, umkhuhlane ongapheliyo, ukuxhuzula kunye nezinye iimpawu;
② ukuphefumula kancinci, i-dyspnea, i-cyanosis, ukuphelelwa ngumdla, umlomo owomileyo, ukudinwa;
③ Iimpawu ezinjengomothuko, ukomelela, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye isiqaqa;
④ Isiphumo sonyango oluqhelekileyo asilunganga, njengokuthi akukho phuculo lubalulekileyo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zonyango, okanye imeko iba mandundu ngexesha elifutshane.
3, abantwana izifo zokuphefumla pathogen superimposed usulelo indlela yokujongana?Indlela yokuthintela?
Izifo zokuphefumla zabantwana zidla ngokubangelwa yintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya kunye nezinye iintsholongwane, ezi ntsholongwane zinokosulela abantwana bodwa okanye ngaxeshanye, zenze i-pathogen yosulelo oluphezulu, ukwandisa ubunzima besifo.
Kwi-pathogen yosulelo oluphezulu lwezifo zokuphefumla ebantwaneni, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nonyango kufuneka lwenziwe ngokuhambelana nokubonakaliswa kweklinikhi kunye novavanyo lwebhubhoratri.
Unyango lubandakanya unyango lwe-antibiotic yosulelo lwebhaktiriya;Usulelo lwentsholongwane, unyango oluthile lwe-antiviral, kunye nonyango lweempawu.
Uthintelo lwe-pathogen yosulelo oluphezulu lwezifo zokuphefumla ebantwaneni lunokuqaliswa kule miba ilandelayo:
Gcina ucoceko lobuqu, hlamba izandla rhoqo, nxiba imaski, kwaye ungadibani nemithombo yosulelo kunye nabantu abagulayo;
② Kuphephe ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, nikela ingqalelo ekuphumleni nasekutyeni, ukomeleza amandla omzimba;
③ Yomeleza ukungena komoya ngaphakathi ukuze ugcine umoya omtsha kwaye womile;
Yitya imifuno kunye neziqhamo ngakumbi;
⑤ Ugonyo lokwandisa amandla omzimba.
Ukongezelela, kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo ezinzulu, kuyimfuneko ukufuna unyango ngexesha, ukunyanga ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ugweme ukuthenga nokuthatha iyeza ngokwakho.
4, kubazali abaninzi abanoloyiko lwe-mycoplasma pneumonia, ngaba lutshintsho lwe-coronavirus entsha?Ndingenza ntoni ukuba umntwana wam wosulelekile?Ndingayinqanda njani?
I-Mycoplasma pneumonia sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ethile, kungekhona ibhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane.Ayinxulumananga ngokuthe ngqo ne-coronavirus entsha kwaye ayiyontsholongwane eguqulweyo.Nangona zombini izifo zihanjiswa ngendlela yokuphefumula, i-pathogens, unyango kunye neendlela zokukhusela izifo ezimbini zihlukile.
Emva kokuba umntwana esulelwe yi-mycoplasma pneumonia, kufuneka ahambe esibhedlele ngexesha kwaye aphathwe ngokweengcebiso zogqirha.Iindlela zonyango zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-anti-mycoplasma kunyango, izongezo zesondlo, ukomeleza ukhuseleko lomzimba, kunye nokunikela ingqalelo ekuphumleni, ukugcina indlela yokuphila efanelekileyo.
Ukuthintela inyumoniya ye-mycoplasma, abazali banokuthatha la manyathelo alandelayo:
① Nikela ingqalelo kwimikhwa yococeko lobuqu lomntwana, hlamba izandla rhoqo, ucoce umngxuma weempumlo;
② Bathintele abantwana ekudibaneni nezigulane ze-mycoplasma pneumonia, kwaye kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba baphume;
③ Nikela ingqalelo ekujikelezweni komoya wangaphakathi ukuze ugcine umoya ucocekile kwaye ucocekile;
Gcina imikhwa emihle yokuphila, kuquka ukutya okunengqiqo, ukulala ngokwaneleyo nokwenza umthambo ukuze uqinise ukhuseleko lomzimba;
(5) Kubantwana abasengozini enkulu (njengeentsana ezingaphambi kwexesha, iintsana ezinobunzima bomzimba obuphantsi, i-immunocompromised, izifo ezingapheliyo okanye isifo senhliziyo esizalwayo), ukugonywa rhoqo kufuneka kuqhutywe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-19-2023